Mining Empire: Earth Resources News

It is well known that usage of the global space-based information helps to monitor either fast-moving (fires, flooding) or slow-moving processes (deforestation and burnings overgrowing, desertification), covering vast areas. Monitoring can be described as a complex system of observation for keeping the state of the environment under review, making estimates and projections of changes in its state under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. The use of space materials for monitoring is reduced to the comparison of multi-temporal data for identifying both short-period and multi-year changes. The effectiveness of the monitoring system depends on the equipment measuring parameters and data processing algorithms.

Satellite monitoring allows controlling the state of the atmosphere, detecting technogenic emissions, hazardous processes and natural phenomena that are sources of emergency situations in order to meet the challenges of warning and organizing disaster response.

The "Biohazard" complex of studies has been developed due to the problem of the space hardware environmental safety. It studies influence of outer space to the "bacterium-substrates" systems and their work under conditions of the planet quarantine. These microbiology industry systems contain different micro-organism cultures and substrates, intended for the more efficient mining. However, under constant influence of such factors as: energetic electrons and ions flows, cold and hot space plasma, solar electromagnetic radiation, particulate matter of synthetic origin and others, the systems are prone to wear and tear.

With the help of these studies, carried out within the "Biohazard" complex, it is possible to access the "bacterium-substrates" system's work stability and its maximum resilience under the most extreme environments, without extensive support. On the basis of these studies, it is also possible to identify the most preferable micro-organisms and substrates, suitable for mining under different conditions.

Subsoil Use License is a document certifying the right to use a potion of subsoil issued by the licensing body. Since subsoil and the resources therein are state property, they can not be bought or inherited. Therefore, an interested person can be given the right to use subsoil only for a certain period of time. The conditions under which an interested person is granted a license are determined by the type of operation, for expample, geological studies, the extraction of commonly occurring mineral resources, the construction and operation of underground facilities not related to mining.
Research test sites, nature reserves and recreational areas also need a permission to use the subsoil. The license is not required if only the natural resources located within the site are to be extracted for non-commercial use.

Dear earthlings!
Happy International Aviation and Cosmonautics Day! This is a special day - the day of the triumph of science and all those who work in the space industry. We are enjoying the beauty of the Moon and waiting for you to come! And today, on April 12, to celebrate the holiday, we will organize all kinds of events on the moon - conferences, scientific and educational lectures and seminars, film screenings and much more. After all, this is a common holiday, connecting the past, present and future of the people of Earth and the Moon. Let's remember the the most remarkable events in cosmonautics history of the last century:

• On April 12, 1961, the USSR pilot-cosmonaut Yury Alekseevich Gagarin made the world's first flight into space.
  
• On July 20, 1969, American astronauts landed on the Moon. Three American astronauts participated in that famous expedition: Neil Armstrong, Edward Aldrin and Michael Collins.
  
• The first internationally crewed space mission in the history of cosmonautics took place on July 15, 1975. It involved a Soviet Soyuz-19 and an American Apollo spacecrafts.
  
• And we are determined to continue! We will keep exploring the space!.

Today, our Constellation lunar rover will take an honorary lap across the Moon's surface. Hooray!

The colonization of the Moon is one of the main strategic goals of astronautics.
The lunar base is a unique place for maintaining scientific experiments in the field of planetology, astronomy, cosmology, space biology, and other disciplines. The study of the lunar crust is vital for tracing both the evolutionary history of the solar system and the emergence of life. The absence of the atmosphere allows building optical and radio telescopes on the lunar surface, which are able to get much more detailed images than with using terrestrial telescopes.

An important reason for the colonization of the Moon is also the presence of minerals on it, the reserves of which are coming to an end on the Earth (helium-3) or the delivery of which to the orbit is too expensive (iron, aluminum, titanium). On the Moon there are deposits of water ice - a source of water, oxygen, hydrogen. In some cases, it is easier to use lunar material than to deliver it from Earth.

According to the experts' assessments, the Moon contains at least 1 million tons of helium-3, which will fully provide the thermonuclear energy of mankind for a period of more than 1000 years. Today it takes approximately 30 tons of helium-3 to supply the entire population of the Earth for a year. The extraction of helium-3 and the change-over to thermonuclear energy is especially important, given the fact that the hydrocarbons reserves on Earth will dry up in about 50-90 years.

The deep vacuum and the availability of cheap solar energy open up new horizons for electronics, metallurgy, metalworking and materials science. In fact, the conditions for the processing of metals and the creation of microelectronic devices on Earth are less favorable because of the large amount of free oxygen in the atmosphere, which deteriorates the quality of casting and welding, making it impossible to produce ultra-pure alloys and chip substrates at huge volumes.

Due to its impressive landscapes and exoticism, the Moon will most likely be a viable space tourist destinations, which can attract a significant amount of funds for its development, contribute to the popularization of space travelling, encourage many people to study the lunar surface. Space tourism will require certain infrastructure solutions. Infrastructure development, in turn, will contribute to a more extensive lunar penetration.